For prolonged ventilation and delivering clear airway. Types of tracheostomy topics will cover all tube used
Upper airways obstruction due to laryngeal edema
Impacted foreign bodies
Laryngeal trauma
Vocal cord paralysis
Ludwig angina
Laryngeal surgery
Types of tracheostomy
The cuffed Portex tracheostomy tube
Jackson tracheostomy tube
Fuller tracheostomy Tube
Tubes categorized according to the presence of fenestration
1.Unfenestrated Tracheostomy tube
2.Fenestrated Tracheostomy tube
Cuffed tracheostomy tubes
The high volume and low-pressure cuffs. The flanges at both side of the tube. The tube with well cuffed and the pilot balloon at the distal end to inflation of the cuff.
To check the cuffs pressure check Cuff Pressure monitoring Machine
The cuff helps the patients by preventing aspiration and maintain the position of the tube for a long time.
For administration of prolonged ventilation during Anesthesia
Also, it helps to deliver the airway without any leakage. More trachea friendly with less injury.
Chevalier-Jackson tracheostomy tube
Made of special silver metal called German silver
The parts of the tube
The outer tube, Innertube, and Obturator
The flange with the hole for the tieing the tracheostomy
Outer tube with a lock mechanism for the inner tube and used for protection of the inner tube
Inner tube longer than the outer tube to blockage from the secretion and mucous plug, etc.
Obturator guides the insertion of the tracheostomy tube.
The speaking valve used along with the metal tube
contraindicated in Radiotherapy patients
Fuller tracheostomy Tube
Made of German silver metal
Inner tube, Outer Tube and obturator
Bi-flanged Outer tube and compressible tube. Inner tube longer than the outer tube with an opening in the posterior wall. The removal of secretion and obstruction
Inner tube act as the dilator and no needs of a tracheal dilator
Phonation possible in after decannulation.
The speaking valve can use with this type of tube. Regular checking of patency can also possible through the inner tube.
The specific complication of this tube include the flanges in the tube breaks and passes into the bronchus.
Trauma to tracheal wall and skin
contraindicated in Radiotherapy patients
Unfenestrated Tracheostomy tube
unfenestrated tube divided into cuffed and uncuffed types. Available in metal and polyvinyl chloride
Fenestrated Tracheostomy tube
called as Shiley tracheostomy tube
Tracheostomy ComplicationÂ
Injury to the trachea and tracheal stenosis
Surgical Emphysema
Blockage of the tube due to secretion and narrowing of the tube, this causes hypoxia
Infection
Tracheal ulceration
Trachea stenosis and dilatation
Care of Tracheostomy tube
Humidification using humidifier machine or Humidifier Moisture Exchange (HME)
Adjust the cuff pressure and maintain daily
Aseptic suctioning of secretion using a controlled suction machine or Negative Pipeline vacuum system
Change the tracheostomy for the on time to time
